{"id":26901,"date":"2024-02-06T16:11:17","date_gmt":"2024-02-07T00:11:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/marylandefc.org\/?page_id=26901"},"modified":"2026-03-03T06:04:41","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T14:04:41","slug":"teen-development","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/marylandefc.org\/vi\/grownups\/teen-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i."},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t\"Adolescents\n\t<\/figure>\n\t

PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N C\u1ee6A TEENS & TWEENS<\/h1>\n\t

C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/h2>\n

Adolescence\u00a0 — the years between age 10 to about 25 – is a period of remarkable opportunity. It is a stage of rapid growth, development and learning as\u00a0<\/i>ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh. Ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh m\u00ecnh; khi ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1edf th\u00edch, \u0111am m\u00ea v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\t

Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u1edf thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean<\/h2>\n

Adolescence is another important time for building strong brains. We are rapidly learning in ways that naturally adapt to the relationships, environments and experiences around us. This makes this time a key window for learning and discovery – as well as a time to mitigate the effects of earlier ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh<\/a>.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y MRI, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u1edf thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean. <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\"Dad\n\t<\/figure>\n\t\t

1. B\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u.<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t

2. Teenagers’ brains are still under construction and work differently than adult brains.<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t

3. The teen brain goes through a period of “remodeling.”<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t

4. C\u00e1ch thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t

5. M\u1ea1ch n\u00e3o nhanh h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ea5p cao h\u01a1n.<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t

6. Thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/a><\/h3>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTi\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecdc\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n
\n\t\t\t\t\"teens\n\t<\/figure>\n\t

1. B\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u.<\/h2>\n

N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean v\u00e0 thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u<\/a> can derail a teenager’s healthy development if they don’t have the support they need from a caring adult. That’s when it becomes toxic stress, and it means the child’s body goes into a state of high alert.<\/p>\n

Thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn quan t\u00e2m, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1edf nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi<\/a>. They’re critical to building s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t

2. Teenagers’ brains are still under construction and work differently than adult brains.<\/h2>\n

Many parents complain that their teen is “moody” or “impulsive.” There are biological, real reasons why your teen may be moody or impulsive – and it’s not all about “raging hormones.”\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn suy ngh\u0129 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecf n\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1n, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. V\u1ecf n\u00e3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1nh nh\u00e2n, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o.<\/b>\u00a0 S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa trung t\u00e2m c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean.\u00a0<\/p>\n

You may notice at times that your teen’s thinking and behaviors seem quite mature, and at others not so much. That’s because the prefrontal cortex is one of the last parts of the brain to fully mature.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\"Girl\n\t<\/figure>\n\t